Whole genome sequencing (WGS) and its corresponding whole genome amplification (WGA) method are more suitable for research and discovery types of applications, while targeted sequencing or targeted gene sequencing is essential to many fast-growing clinical and industrial applications where cost and speed are more important. For example, in oncology, targeted panels remain the optimal mode of application, while in medical genetics, next-generation sequencing is moving beyond panels to whole exome sequencing and even to whole genome sequencing. Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is generally regarded as a smoker’s cancer. Targeted exome sequencing also proved to be an efficient and cost-effective strategy to identify pathogenic mutations and deletions in known CAKUT genes. Exome sequencing is a specific variant of the targeted approach discussed above that has also been rapidly incorporated into clinical genetic screening. Instead of focusing on candidate genes, all coding regions across the genome are targeted for unbiased screening of coding variants. Exome sequencing is a type of targeted next generation sequencing. More information: "Whole-exome sequencing reveals germline-mutated small cell lung cancer subtype with favorable response to DNA repair–targeted … Exome sequencing detects variants in coding exons, with the capability to expand targeted content to include untranslated regions (UTRs) and microRNA for a more comprehensive view of gene regulation. Library prep includes the addition of adapters to identify the samples or molecules in the sample and to help the DNA or RNA adhere to the sequencing apparatus. Targeted NGS enables rapid identification of common and rare genetic variants. Thus, sequencing the whole exome makes it possible to screen for a wide variety of disease-associated variants in a single test. Tlemsani and colleagues performed whole-exome sequencing on the germ lines of a cohort of participants with SCLC, finding that almost half the cohort carried deleterious variants in cancer-predisposing genes. Whole exome sequencing workflow. By focusing on genes likely to be involved with disease, you can reduce expense and focus sequencing resources on your targeted region. Unlike exome sequencing, which generates a large number of variants—a sizable proportion of which can be of unknown significance—targeted sequencing helps reduce the risk of stumbling upon these variants. The exome is the best studied and most well understood part of the genome, and is where the vast majority of known disease-casing variants are found. DNA libraries can be prepared in as little as 1 day and require only 4–5 Gb of sequencing per exome. However, the genetic factors that affect susceptibility to SCLC have not been fully evaluated. Targeted exome sequencing for high throughput labs. 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