Along the San Francisco peninsula no detectable slip occurs (less than 1.5 mm/yr) at the surface, but appreciable strain is accumulating. Although the region was sparsely populated, the quake on the Hayward Fault was one of the most destructive in California’s history. Comparing the data from sites like Wrightwood and Frazier Mountain, earthquake scientists are working to understand the pattern of large earthquakes – asking questions such as how typical was the large (M7.9) earthquake in 1857? A retrofit prevents this kind of movement. Our Influence on Retrofit Building Codes, Shear Transfer Ties No Cripple Wall Retrofits, Brick Foundations and Earthquake Retrofitting, Workers’ Compensation and Liability Insurance. We have identified 4 common types of house and have written web pages and made videos to show you how to retrofit them. The paleoseismic data on different parts of the San Andreas Fault Zone are all telling us that some sections appear to be past the average, or "overdue" for a significant earthquake. And what does it mean? The Hayward Fault is a "tectonic time bomb, due any time for another magnitude 6.8 to 7.0 earthquake," according to a 2008 USGS report. Investigating past earthquakes to inform the future. The recurrence intervals (times between earthquakes) at Wrightwood are more regular than clustered (determined by a mathematical analysis), and only four times in the past has the interval between two major earthquakes been longer than the current interval (since 1857). Where does the information come from? As of 2020 it has been 151 years since the last big earthquake in 1868. Upon entering your house, you would stumble over toppled bookcases, broken glass from mirrors no longer on the walls, and the contents of kitchen cabinets in piles on the floor. The Hayward Fault is an offset of the San Andreas Fault system that dominates the landforms of eastern San Francisco Bay. At that location, the record is about 1000 years long, and in that time period, there are about 9 large earthquakes recorded in the sediments, including the 1857 rupture. North to south, it runs from just west of Pinole Point on the south shore of San Pablo Bay and through Berkeley (just under the western rim of the Let’s imagine for a minute that we know where, how large, and when an earthquake will be. Personally I like the following 50 minute BBC documentary on the Cascadia Fault which triggers the San Andreas Fault 75% of the time when it ruptures. Posted April 19, 2018, under Blog. Many smaller faults branch from and join the San Andreas fault zone. THE HAYWARD FAULT IS CONNECTED TO A SERIES OF SMALLER FAULT THAT MIGHT ERUPT AT THE SAME TIME CREATING A 7.3 OR HIGHER MAGNITUDE EARTHQUAKE. 1 A). The corrosion problem of ACQ treated lumber. In fact, when the "big one" happens, it is more likely to happen on the Hayward Fault than it is to happen on the San Andreas Fault. According to a new study, the Hayward fault line that runs under Oakland, California is believed to be more dangerous than the infamous San Andreas fault line that spans Southern California.. The Hayward fault is a 90 kilometer long crack in the Earth's crust that travels through the San Francisco Bay area. Public domain.). 1 B). The data show that at many places along the San Andreas Fault, we have gone past the average time between large earthquakes. The San Andreas Fault is a continental transform fault that extends roughly 1,200 kilometers (750 mi) through California. The faults are boundaries between blocks, and each block is constantly moving, which we can see by analyzing GPS (Global Positioning System) data. It runs through densely populated areas, including Richmond, El Cerrito, Berkeley, Oakland, San Leandro, Castro Valley, Hayward, Union City, Fremont, and San Jose. The San Andreas fault system (SAFS) consists of over a dozen faults that accommodate motion between the North American and Pacific Plates (Fig. The San Andreas has long been the quake fault California fears the most. History shows that five large earthquakes on the Hayward fault have occurred on average every 150 years—last being in 1868. Earth scientists have been gathering data at key paleoseismic sites along sections of the San Andreas Fault to figure out the past timeline of earthquakes at each spot. The resulting 3000-year record includes 29 surface-rupturing earthquakes. This fault is about 74 mi (119 km) long, situated mainly along the western base of the hills on the east side of San Francisco Bay. The San Andreas and Cascadia fault have a potentially deadlier counterpart lurking in the East Bay region of Northern California. The city of Ukiah, in Northern California sits right next to the Maacama Fault, which is capable of M=7.5 earthquakes and poses a significant threat to the region. The scariest scenario for the next major earthquake may […] As you returned to your home, you would probably see damaged and collapsed buildings and bridges, broken pipes and snapped power lines and scorched remains of fires. The Hayward fault is a 90 kilometer long crack in the Earth's crust that travels through the San Francisco Bay area. The highway paralleling the lakes to the left is Interstate 280, ``the most beautiful urban highway in the United States''. Or is the size of the 1812 earthquake (~M7.1) more common? Scientists say the region appears to be overdue for a significant quake. The Maacama fault is the northward continuation of the Hayward-Rodgers Creek fault system in northern California. However, creep occurs in spots along the Hayward Fault. What we do know is that California is "earthquake country" and we need to be prepared. Scientists are now saying that the “Big One” in California may not be caused by the San Andreas fault line, but by the Hayward Bay fault line. The four areas singled out in the study are: Hayward, Rodgers Creek, northern Calaveras and Green Valley. The San Andreas Fault is locked in many places; much of its energy is released in the form of earthquakes. Over 155,000 housing unites will suffer enough damage to become  uninhabitable  and 350,000 people will be displaced. (Credit: Kate Scharer, USGS. Contractors Lic #558462 The Hayward Fault splinters from the Calaveras Fault, which itself is an offshoot of the The similar magnitude 2011 Tohoku 9.0 earthquake that caused the Fukushima nuclear disaster is discussed in this 3-minute video. The SAFZ is the main part of the boundary between the Pacific tectonic plate on the west side and the North American plate on the east side. Cartoon sketch of the Pacific Plate-North American Plate boundary showing the San Andreas Fault. When the ground accelerates the house and foundation go with it. Bay Area Retrofit does not recommend performing a retrofit without the guidance and supervision of experienced and knowledgeable retrofit professionals, and is not responsible for costly errors, injuries, or earthquake damage that result from such attempts. A pair of major earthquakes occurred on the central to southern region, where the 1857 faulting overlapped the 1812 earthquake faulting. Copyright © 2020 Bay Area Retrofit. The relative motion between these two tectonic plates is 50 mm/yr (about 2 inches/yr), but that rate is distributed across all the faults that are part of the SAFZ. Sorry for posting all the documentaries and I can’t really tell you which one is best. The author Kathryn Schultz writes “When the next very big earthquake hits, the northwest edge of the continent, from California to Canada and the continental shelf to the Cascades, will drop by as much as six feet and rebound thirty to a hundred feet to the west . The North Coast section of the San Andreas Fault is north of San Francisco. Where does the information come from? (Play Video) San Francisco Bay Area Earthquakes: The Hayward and San Andreas Faults are probably the most studied earthquake faults in the world, so a lot is known about them. The threat to San Francisco from the Hayward fault was recognized by A. C. Lawson in 1908 in Report of the State Earthquake Commission, The California earthquake of April 18, 1906, p. 447: "The foot of Market Street, San Francisco, is about midway between the San Andreas rift and the fault scarp upon which movement occurred in 1868. Its last major rupture occurred in 1868, during California's frontier days, and was the original "Great San Francisco Earthquake" until 1906.. The Hayward fault dataset includes 1489 earthquakes with magnitudes from … The Hayward Fault dissects Fremont creating offset features. Since then, nearly three million people have moved next to the Hayward fault with little regard for its earthquake potential. Studies of this section of the fault suggest an average recurrence interval of 200-300 years. The fault has been creeping about 4.6 mm/yr (0.2 inches/yr) for the last several decades, but that is only half of the long-term slip rate, so stress is building upon this fault. (Credit: Kate Scharer, USGS. The 1906 San Francisco earthquake is estimated to have been in the 7.8 range (and possibly even larger.) IT IS NOT INTENDED AS A GUIDE FOR DIY RETROFITS. The entire San Andreas fault system is more than 800 miles long and extends to depths of at least 10 miles within the Earth. (Photo from: Trulia) In California, when most people think about faults, their thoughts are immediately drawn to the San Andreas, and to a lesser extent, the Hayward Fault. Berkeley Seismological Laboratory). The fault has been creeping about 4.6 mm/yr (0.2 inches/yr) for the last several decades, but that is only half of the long-term slip rate, so stress is building upon this fault. West of the San Andreas fault, the 400-kilometer-long San Gregorio-Hosgri fault extends primarily offshore between Point Conception and Bolinas, and sits within 3 nautical miles (in state waters) of the Diablo Canyon Power Plant. Here is the graphic history of earthquakes on the Hayward fault. Near fault shear strain rates are 0.6 ± 0.1 μstrain/yr (engineering) with direction N47°W ± 9. The Calaveras Fault is a major branch of the San Andreas Fault System that is located in northern California in the San Francisco Bay Area.Activity on the different segments of the fault includes moderate and large earthquakes as well as aseismic creep.The last large event was the 1984 Morgan Hill event and the last moderate earthquake was the 2007 Alum Rock event. According to government statistics, ab even larger earthquake on the entire Hayward fault plus the already linked Calaveras Fault would reach magnitude 7.3. Let's start in southern California and work our way north. Public domain.). Homeowner’s Guide to Seismic Retrofitting. The new San Pablo Bay link between the Rodgers Creek Fault (which extends out of the image to the upper left to Santa Rosa) and the Hayward fault (which joins the Calaveras Fault out of the image to the lower right) is orange. Near fault shear strain rates are 0.6 ± 0.1 μstrain/yr (engineering) with direction N47°W ± 9. Retrofit design is based on many factors. The Hayward Fault is 40 miles long and about 8 miles deep and trends along the east side of San Francisco Bay. Three earthquakes occurred within a 70-year period between 1838 and 1906, but there were no earthquakes during the 500 years before that, and there have been no earthquakes in the 110 years since 1906. Bold numbers show the average time between big earthquakes, determined at paleoseismic sites (triangles). It is parallel to and east of its more famous (and much longer) sister fault, the San Andreas Fault. New Study Finds Hayward Fault More Dangerous Than San Andreas. The Hayward Fault Zone is located in northern California in the San Francisco Bay Area. Many of the sites paleoseismologists have been studying are along key sections of the SAFZ where there is a large population or major infrastructure that would be affected by a large earthquake in the future. Contractor The 1906 San Francisco earthquake is estimated to have been in the 7.8 range (and possibly even larger.) Introduction [2] The Hayward Fault is located on the eastern side of San Francisco Bay, California, and forms one branch of the San Andreas Fault system that accommodates the relative motion between the North American and Pacific plates. (Public domain.). Investigating Past Earthquakes to Inform the Future. The “zone” part of the name means it’s a system with the main fault and many sub-parallel faults that all together take up the motion between the two plates. The last major earthquake that the Hayward fault produced was in 1868. Geographic Names Information System (GNIS), Mapping, Remote Sensing, and Geospatial Data, Earthquake Outlook for the San Francisco Bay Region 2014—2043, Map of active faults and historic ruptures in California, New Information About the San Andreas Fault, Catching Glimpses of Centuries-Old Earthquakes, Science of the New Madrid Seismic Zone - Paleoseismology, UCERF3: A New Earthquake Forecast for California’s Complex Fault System. Contractor's License Board. An earthquake occurs when the stress from the force of the moving plate overcomes the friction causing the plate boundary edges, the fault, to stick. When the ground stops suddenly the house wants to keep on going and slides off the foundation. Bond #SC6334450 The Hayward fault runs through the East Bay hills from Richmond to San Jose. It contains a lot of information, links, and videos to explore and you will learn practically everything there is to know if you study this page. This in turn can cause the Hayward Fault to rupture. Its notoriety comes partly from the disastrous 1906 San Francisco earthquake, but rather more importantly because it passes through California, a highly-populated state that is frequently in the news.And with many research institutions dedicated to studying such an accessible fault, the SAF has become a household name. The San Francisco Bay area is crossed by several right-lateral strike-slip faults of the San Andreas fault zone. -written by Lisa Wald, Kate Scharer, and Carol Prentice, U.S. Geological Survey. No data point selected. Workers' Comp RWCC64393236 This fault, called a “tectonic time bomb,” is about 74 miles long. The study concluded that there is 33% likelihood of a surface-rupturing earthquake within the next 30 years. According to the Association of Bay Area Governments the Hayward Fault will cause $165 billion in damage when it ruptures. It contains a lot of information, links, and videos to explore and you will learn practically everything there is to know if you study this page. Liability Ins PCA 1045011 The most recent major earthquake on this fault was approximately M6.9 and occurred in 1868. In northern California, the zone includes the Hayward, Calaveras, as well as the Northern San Andreas and other faults, and in southern California, the zone is even wider, encompassing the Southern San Andreas, the San Jacinto, and other faults in the Los Angeles area. The earthquake will cause $90.4 billion damage to residential buildings and 96.4 to commercial buildings. Fault-plane reflections reveal that two of these faults, the San Andreas and Hayward, dip toward each other below seismogenic depths at 60?? The San Andreas Fault and 6 other significant fault zones are present in the Bay Area: the Calaveras, Concord-Green Valley, Greenville, Hayward, Rodgers Creek, and San Gregorio Faults. San Andreas. Running for nearly 74 miles through cities including Fremont, Hayward, Oakland, Berkeley, and Richmond, the Hayward Fault has the potential to wreak more havoc than most California faults. The fault marks the boundary between the North American and Pacific lithospheric plates. The most striking result is that the deformation is not uniformly distributed across the area. The San Andreas fault caused the biggest earthquakes in California with an approximate magnitude 7.9 in 1857 (Southern California) and 1906 (San Francisco). Dislocation models of the surface deformation adjacent to the Hayward fault measured with the global positioning system and interferometric synthetic aperture radar favor creep at ∼7 millimeters per year to the bottom of the seismogenic zone along a ∼20-kilometer-long northern fault segment. The Hayward Fault is a "tectonic time bomb, due any time for another magnitude 6.8 to 7.0 earthquake," according to a 2008 USGS report. The slip rate near the San Andreas fault is … Page 75 of The online version of “The Coming Bay Area Earthquake: 2010 Update of Scenario for a Magnitude 7.0 Earthquake on the Hayward Fault published by the Earthquake Engineering Research Institute describes the situation vividly. San Francisco Bay and Parkfield that have preinstrumental and modern earthquake epicenters and have towns that can provide felt intensities. It forms the tectonic boundary between the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate, and its motion is right-lateral strike-slip (horizontal). From 1812 to 1906 it generated four major earthquakes of M 7 or larger in two pairs on two major portions of the fault. The stuck section slips, and the edge of each block catches up to the rest of the plate. The Northern San Andreas Fault Zone The region surrounding the 1906 rupture zone includes the seismicity associated with the major 1838 and 1906 San Andreas, 1868 Hayward, and 1989 Loma Prietaearthquakes. DAMAGE LIKE THIS IS A VERY REAL POSSIBILITY WHEN THE CASCADIA SUBDUCTION ZONE RUPTURES    Courtesy the Daily Mail. San Jose, Sunnyvale, Fremont, Oakland, Berkeley and Surrounding Areas The New Yorker published an article, “The Really Big One,” which warns that the Cascadia Fault is even more dangerous than the Hayward Fault. Four urban areas of the San Andreas Fault System in Northern California have accumulated a sufficient amount of energy to produce major earthquakes, a new study finds. But the data can’t be used to make predictions: we do not understand earthquakes well enough to know exactly where the next earthquake will occur, what the magnitude will be, or exactly when it will happen. A paleoseismic study in 2007 at Tyson’s Lagoon (now a BART station) found evidence for 12 paleoearthquakes (including the historical 1868 earthquake) with an average time between earthquakes of about 160 years. Public domain.). The San Andreas fault zone has been a very significant source of major California earthquakes. The Hayward Fault. (Public domain.). The magnitude-6.8 earthquake event used in this analysis is a slightly different scenario for a Hayward earthquake than the magnitude-6.9 event analyzed in 2007. San Francisco Bay Area Earthquakes: The Hayward and San Andreas Faults are probably the most studied earthquake faults in the world, so a lot is known about them. Here is a shorter eye-opening 7-minute TV clip on the Cascadia Fault. The results of this study indicate that this section of the San Andreas Fault is likely to have a large earthquake in the not-too-distant future. The San Andreas Fault is a continental transform fault that extends roughly 1,200 kilometers (750 mi) through California. In 2014, a paleoseismology site at Hael Creek on the Maacama fault reiterated the results found on the Hayward fault to the south – creeping with infrequent large earthquakes, and a large one expected in the not-too-distant future. Since then, research has indicated that the likelihood of a Hayward quake is greater and more threatening to the 7 million Bay Area residents than a San Andreas … and 70? DAMAGE LIKE THIS IS A VERY REAL POSSIBILITY WHEN THE CASCADIA SUBDUCTION ZONE RUPTURES, Retrofitting Bay Area Homes for 25 Years and Still Counting, The Coming Bay Area Earthquake: 2010 Update of Scenario for a Magnitude 7.0 Earthquake on the Hayward Fault. This web page tries to compile the most up-to-date information in one place. On October 21, 1868, a magnitude 6.8 earthquake struck the San Francisco Bay area. The fault has been creeping about 4.6 mm/yr (0.2 inches/yr) for the last several decades, but that is only half of the long-term slip rate, so stress is building upon this fault. It is similar to riding in the back of a pick-up truck which accelerates very quickly and stops suddenly. San Andreas. Hayward Bay Fault Could Be More Dangerous Than San Andreas: It’s a “Ticking Time Bomb” The following video is brought to you courtesy of the DAHBOO77 YouTube Channel. Posted April 19, 2018, under Blog. However, the edges of the blocks, the faults themselves, are stuck and only move where there is a large earthquake (some faults creep a little bit, but most are locked). For a 12-minute video concerning the Hayward Fault, see the KQED documentary Predictable Peril. This means that earthquakes as large as M=7.4 are possible on both sides of San Francisco Bay, rather than just on the San Andreas, as we had thought before. According to a new study, the Hayward fault line that runs under Oakland, California is believed to be more dangerous than the infamous San Andreas fault line that spans Southern California.. The San Andreas Fault is the most famous fault in the world. This fault regularly generates 9.0 temblors similar to the 2004 Sumatra earthquake and tsunami that killed over 227,000 people in Indonesia and India. In particular, we need to design buildings and infrastructure to be able to withstand the earthquake shaking or be easily repaired. The San Andreas Fault and the San Francisco Bay Area This image shows San Andreas Lake and Crystal Springs reservoir from the air, looking SouthEast from HERE. Each house is unique. The In 1836 there was a large earthquake but the larges was felt on October 21, 1868. The new San Pablo Bay link between the Rodgers Creek Fault (which extends out of the image to the upper left to Santa Rosa) and the Hayward fault (which joins the Calaveras Fault out of the image to the lower right) is orange. What does the science say? Be sure and click the Map View and watch the videos. Most cities in South Bay are about 5 miles from the San Andreas fault, while the Hayward faults cuts through many East Bay cities (see California Geological Survey - CGS's Information Warehouse.). The USGS also has a webpage that analyzes what will happen if a 7.0 earthquake has its epicenter in Oakland or Fremont. Exposure of the San Andreas Fault in a trench. The four areas singled out in the study are: Hayward, Rodgers Creek, northern Calaveras and Green Valley. . The chart below should give you some perspective on how much devastation this is compared to other large earthquakes. 1. New studies farther to the northwest along the Peninsula section of the San Andreas Fault also show a long interval between the 1906 earthquake and the previous earthquake, which occurred around 1300. Since then, research has indicated that the likelihood of a Hayward quake is greater and more threatening to the 7 million Bay Area residents than a San Andreas … The most recent earthquake occurred during the time of Spanish exploration, about 300 years ago, but there is no historic record of the event. This shows that the average time between earthquakes includes some intervals that are short and some intervals that are long. You might think that would be good because then you could leave the area beforehand and then return after the earthquake. It has an average repeat cycle of 140 years. North to south, it runs from just west of Pinole Point on the south shore of San Pablo Bay and through Berkeley (just under the western rim of the First, let's zoom out and look at the big picture. The San Andreas Fault and the San Francisco Bay Area This image shows San Andreas Lake and Crystal Springs reservoir from the air, looking SouthEast from HERE. Thick red lines show the extent of historic ruptures. The Hayward Fault runs south through densely populated areas, including the cities of Richmond, El Cerrito, Berkeley, Oakland, San Leandro, Hayward, Union city, Fremont, and San Jose. ?, respectively, and persist to the base of the crust. The Hayward fault under Oakland is more dangerous than the well-known San Andreas fault in Southern California, according to a new study that says it has the potential to kill at least 800 people and injure 18,000 more, The Los Angeles Times reported. It is now thought to be the “ticking time bomb” fault line and more dangerous than the San Andres. Prior to 1300, the intervals are shorter, about 200 years. Thick red lines show the extent of historic ruptures. The Hayward fault in the San Francisco Bay area runs through a densely-populated area, so it has been studied quite a bit. This website is intended to help clients of Bay Area Retrofit to understand their retrofit proposals. The Hayward fault in the San Francisco Bay area runs through a densely-populated area, so it has been studied quite a bit.The most recent major earthquake on this fault was approximately M6.9 and occurred in 1868. The Hayward Fault. The Hayward fault is due for another large earthquake very soon. Bold numbers show the average time between big earthquakes, determined at paleoseismic sites (triangles). Scientists are working to improve forecasts that estimate how often future earthquakes will occur and how much the ground will shake so engineers and planners will know where to focus efforts to mitigate the effects of damaging earthquakes. CHART SHOWING THE HISTORY OF LARGE EARTHQUAKES ALONG THE CASCADIA EARTHQUAKE TIME LINE, MIRROR IMAGE COMPARISON BETWEEN THE CASCADIA FAULT SHOWN ON THE RIGHT AND THE SUMATRA EARTHQUAKE ON THE LEFT THAT KILLED OVER 260,000 PEOPLE. With about 45 years between the historic earthquakes but about 160 years since the last one, it is clear that the fault does not behave like a clock with a regular beat. Basically, because it’s a big fault that is close to some big cities. In fact, it was considered the “great earthquake” until the San Andreas Fault tore San Francisco apart 38 years later. Map of faults in southern California. Click the … The San Andreas Fault and 6 other significant fault zones are present in the Bay Area: the Calaveras, Concord-Green Valley, Greenville, Hayward, Rodgers Creek, and San Gregorio Faults. Analysis of a geodetic network of 115 lines crossing the San Andreas, Hayward, and Calaveras faults in the vicinity of San Francisco Bay and measured repeatedly between 1970 and 1980 has revealed details about the accommodation of relative plate motion in this area. The SAFZ started moving about 28-30 million years ago and has horizontally slipped (transform motion) a total of about 300-350 km (186-220 mi)since it began moving. The Hazel Dell site near Corralitos, CA was trenched in 2013 to characterize the Santa Cruz Mountains section of the San Andreas Fault. Many earthquakes have occurred along it, including famous ones in 1857, 1906 and 1989. HAYWARD FAULT RUNNING THROUGH CENTER OF UC BERKELEY SPORTS STADIUM.. MOVEMENT OF EARTH SHOWING HOW EARTHQUAKES DAMAGE HOUSES. The horizontal colored lines highlight different layers of sediment. The Hayward Fault is 40 miles long and about 8 miles deep and trends along the east side of San Francisco Bay. (Credit: Kate Scharer, USGS. San Francisco Bay Area Earthquakes: The Hayward and San Andreas Faults are probably the most studied earthquake faults in the world, so a lot is known about them. All rights reserved. Maybe you’ve heard that the “Big One is overdue” on the San Andreas Fault. The 150th anniversary of the 1868 earthquake, and all historical earthquake anniversaries, are opportunities to remind people that we live in earthquake country and And what does it mean? The San Francisco Bay area is crossed by several right-lateral strike-slip faults of the San Andreas fault zone. CHART SHOWING THE MAGNITUDE AND DATES OF LARGE EARTHQUAKES IN CALIFORNIA. The fault divides into three segments, each with different characteristics and a different degree of earthquake risk. Careful analysis of the age of the earthquakes, including the uncertainties in radiocarbon dating (see Determining the Age of a Paleoearthquake in Introduction to Paleoseismology), showed that the average time between earthquakes is about 100 years. The red line is traced on a fault that offsets the layers. The transform boundary initiated about 30 million years ago when a spreading ridge separating the Pacific and Farallon Plates intersected with the North American continental crust near what is now Los Angeles, California (Fig. The fault divides into three segments, each with different characteristics and a different degree of earthquake risk. Along the southernmost San Andreas, from Palm Springs to the Salton Sea, earthquakes happen infrequently, about every 200-300 years. The Hayward Fault Zone is a geologic fault zone capable of generating destructive earthquakes. 408-664-6355 Since then, nearly three million people have moved next to the Hayward fault with little regard for its earthquake potential. The Hayward Fault. (See Earthquake Outlook for the San Francisco Bay Region 2014—2043). Along the San Francisco peninsula no detectable slip occurs (less than 1.5 mm/yr) at the surface, but appreciable strain is accumulating. But focusing only on avoiding an earthquake doesn’t address most of the effects from the shaking. Earthquake country just got a little scarier. Map of faults in northern California. Bay Area Retrofit assumes no responsibility or liability for use by homeowners, contractors, engineers, or anyone else of the information provided on this site. In other words, in 11 more years we will have exceeded the historic maximum span of 160 years (U.C. The Hayward fault in the San Francisco Bay area runs through a densely-populated area, so it has been studied quite a bit.The most recent major earthquake on this fault was approximately M6.9 and occurred in 1868. The ground consistently moves a few millimeters each year, pulling apart sidewalks, pipelines and other structures that sit astride the fault. 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